The shoulder is one of the most versatile joints in the body, allowing for a wide range of motion. This complexity also makes it prone to injuries. Whether you’re an athlete, work at a desk, or care for others as a physical therapist, understanding common shoulder injuries can help you identify potential issues and explore treatment options. We’ll explore some of the most frequent shoulder injuries and share insights into how they’re typically addressed.
Shoulder Injuries
The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint. These tendons can become torn or damaged due to repetitive motion, heavy lifting, or sudden impact. Rotator cuff injuries are one of the most common shoulder injuries experienced by athletes and older adults.
Symptoms often include weakness in the shoulder, limited range of motion, and a dull ache that intensifies during activity. Treatment may vary depending on the severity of the injury but typically involves rest, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgical repair. Both conditions can significantly impact mobility and may require a combination of rest, therapy, and medical intervention for recovery.
Shoulder Dislocations
A shoulder dislocation occurs when the upper arm bone pops out of the shoulder socket. This can result from high-impact sports, falls, or accidents and is often accompanied by intense pain, swelling, or bruising. While dislocations can be managed, the shoulder may be more prone to future instability after such an injury. Preventive exercises that strengthen surrounding muscles can be beneficial.
Treatment often includes:
- Gently guiding the bone back into place, known as a reduction.
- Physical therapy to restore strength after the dislocation.
- Using a sling to immobilize the shoulder for some time.
- Pain Management with medications or cold therapy to reduce swelling and discomfort.
- Gradual reintroduction of activities to prevent re-injury and assure proper healing.
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
Frozen shoulder is a condition that limits the shoulder’s range of motion due to stiffness and inflammation. It typically arises from long periods of shoulder immobility, often after surgery or injury. People with diabetes or thyroid conditions are at higher risk of developing frozen shoulder.
This condition usually goes through three phases—freezing, frozen, and thawing. Each phase can vary in length and severity. Treatment focuses on restoring mobility through physical therapy, stretching exercises, or anti-inflammatory options recommended by a health professional.
Tendonitis and Bursitis
Two conditions that are often linked to shoulder injuries are tendonitis and bursitis. Tendonitis is the inflammation of shoulder tendons, caused by overuse or strain. Bursitis, on the other hand, affects the bursa, a fluid-filled sac that cushions the joint, leading to swelling and discomfort.
Common treatment options include:
- Applying ice packs to reduce swelling.
- Modifying activities to allow for proper healing.
- Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises to support the shoulder.
- Using over-the-counter pain relievers to manage discomfort.
Caring for Your Shoulder and Preventing Future Issues
Maintaining healthy shoulders plays a role in preventing repeated injuries. Consistently practicing proper posture, taking breaks during repetitive activities, and strengthening shoulder muscles can significantly reduce the risk of injury. If you notice persistent discomfort or limited shoulder mobility, consider consulting a specialist or physical therapist. Early assessment can help identify the issue and start the right treatment plan.
